Greenwashing or permissible environmental claims?

Status of the implementation of the Empowering Consumers Directive (EmpCo Directive) in Germany

The European Union is pursuing the goal of better protecting consumers from misleading environmental and sustainability claims with the Empowering Consumers Directive (Directive (EU) 2024/825, or EmpCo Directive for short). The directive tightens the requirements for so-called green claims and amends the Unfair Commercial Practices Directive in particular. The latter is implemented in Germany by the Act against Unfair Competition (UWG).

Legislative procedure and entry into force in Germany

Germany has already transposed the provisions of the EmpCo Directive into national law. In December 2025, the German Bundestag passed the necessary legislative amendments, primarily by amending the UWG and supplementing consumer protection legislation. This means that the formal implementation of the Directive was completed within the specified implementation period (March 2026).

However, the new regulations will not apply immediately. For companies, the provisions will only be binding from 27 September 2026. Until then, the previous law will remain in force. From this date onwards, courts, authorities and competition associations will measure environmental and sustainability claims against the new legal standards.

  • March 2024

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    Entry into force at EU level

  • December 2025

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    Implementation into German law

  • September 27, 2026

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    Mandatory application by companies

New guidelines for environmental advertising

In terms of content, the EmpCo Directive will bring about significant changes to corporate communications. General environmental claims such as “environmentally friendly”, “climate-friendly”, “green” or “sustainable” will only be permitted in future if they refer to outstanding, specifically verifiable environmental performance. This performance must be objectively proven and directly related to the product or service in question. Environmental claims based solely on compensation measures will no longer be permitted. This means that companies will primarily be able to use environmental claims if they appear on a sustainability label or are clearly and prominently specified on the same medium.

Additionally, eco-labels and sustainability seals will be subject to significantly stricter regulations. Only government-approved seals or those based on a certification system will be permitted in future. This means that they must be open to all companies under transparent, fair and non-discriminatory conditions, and monitored by independent bodies. Proprietary labels or unverified seals will no longer be permitted. Statements about future environmental goals will also only be permitted if they are based on clearly defined, verifiable, time-bound implementation plans.

The implementation of the EmpCo Directive essentially expands the so-called “black list” in the UWG. Prohibited business practices are always considered unfair, without the need for a case-by-case assessment. Violations can result in warnings, injunctions and significant reputational risks.

Additionally, the implementation law introduces new pre-contractual information requirements. In future, companies will have to inform consumers about environmentally friendly delivery options, product reparability and software update duration, among other things. Furthermore, uniform information on statutory warranty rights will be introduced throughout Europe.

Action required for companies

The EmpCo requirements apply to all companies with B2C business models, regardless of industry or size. As these requirements will become binding in September 2026, companies should use the remaining time to prepare accordingly.

Specifically, it is advisable to systematically review all existing communications relating to sustainability and the environment. This includes reviewing advertising claims, product descriptions, packaging, and online presence for general or blanket environmental statements. At the same time, companies should ensure that they have appropriate, documented evidence for any green claims they make. Any environmental labels and sustainability seals used should also be legally assessed. Finally, internal processes and consumer information must be checked for compliance with the new transparency and information requirements, particularly with regard to reparability, software updates and delivery options.

Raising awareness among the relevant departments early on, for instance through internal training and guidelines, can help avoid future liability and legal risks.

Timely adaptation enables companies to meet regulatory requirements and position themselves as credible, transparent market participants, strengthening consumer confidence in the long term.